CFD Trading in South Africa – A Beginner’s Guide

Contracts-for-differences, or simply CFDs, allow you to speculate on the future price of an asset. CFDs are unique in the sense that you do not own the underlying asset, as they simply track the real-world price of the instrument. If you’re based in South Africa and CFD trading is something you are interested in, you’ll be pleased to know that there are dozens of online brokers available in the market.

In this guide, we explore how CFD trading in South Africa actually works. On top of explaining how this particular investment arena functions, we also discuss the best brokers to trade CFDs with in 2020.

How to Trade CFDs in South Africa in 3 Quick Steps

Don’t have time to read our guide all of the way through? Below you will find three quick-fire steps to start trading CFDs right now!

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Step 1: Choose a South Africa CFD Trading Platform

As is the case with all other asset classes available in the investment space, you will need to find a reliable trading platform if you wish to buy and sell CFD instruments. Not only do you need to ensure that your chosen broker accepts South African traders, but it also needs to be regulated by a tier-one licensing body.

You will also need to look at other key metrics, such as leverage, fees, commissions, tradable assets, and supported payment methods. To point you in the right direction, below you find a selection of popular brokers that allow you to trade CFDs in South Africa.

Step 2: Learn How CFD Trading Works in South Africa

Once you have selected a South African CFD broker that meets your requirements, you then need to make sure that you at least have a basic understanding of how the industry works. Spend some time reviewing the following sections on how CFD trading in South Africa actually works.

What is CFD Trading in South Africa?

In its most basic form, CFDs (contracts-for-differences) allow you to trade financial instruments without you owning the asset. Instead, CFDs merely track the real-world market value of the said asset.

For example, if the value of gold increases by 2.15% in a 24 hour period, this will also be the case when you trade CFDs. Among a number of other benefits, the overarching advantage of CFD trading is that you get to access markets that would other be difficult to reach.

For example, let’s suppose that you wanted to invest in the future value of oil. Unless you have the capacity to physically buy, store, and distribute hundreds of barrels of crude oil, this is going to be near-impossible.

However, by trading oil in the form of CFDs, you can speculate on its future price at the click of a button. This isn’t just the case with hard assets like gold, silver, copper, oil, natural gas, and wheat, but virtually every asset class imaginable, including Bitcoin trading.

This includes:

• Stocks
• Indices
• Hard Metals
• Energies
• Agricultural Products
• Interest Rates
• Digital Currencies
• And more

With that being said, it is important to note that by trading CFDs you will not have any right to the asset in question. This is because the financial instrument does not exist in the tangible form, as the CFD is simply tasked with tracking the asset’s price.

For example:

• Let’s suppose that you want to trade US Treasury Bonds
• You think the price of the bonds will go down within the next 24 hours
• You stake a total of $250
• Later that day, the Federal Reserve announces that it is cutting interest rates, so naturally, the value of its Treasuries will go down
• As such, the bonds decrease by 2.45%
• You are happy with your profit so you decide to close the CFD position. At a stake of $250, you make a total of $6.12

Crucially, although you did not actually purchase the US Treasury Bond,- you were able to speculate on its future value via a CFD instrument. This is because the CFD is able to track the actual market value of the bonds like-for-like!

What is CFD Trading with Forex?

There is often a misconception that CFDs and forex are two different things. However, this couldn’t be further from the truth. You see, when you trade forex online, you are speculating on the future exchange rate of a pair.

For example, if you are trading GBP/USD and it is priced at 1.231, you need to decide whether you think the price will go up or down. Crucially, when you trade currencies at forex brokers, you do not own the underlying currencies.

For example, if you stake $1,000 on EUR/USD, you are not buying the US dollar in its tangible form, nor are you buying Euros. Instead, you are simply speculating on the future price of the pair. As a result, when you trade forex, you are also trading CFDs!

Forex CFD Prices

If you’re wondering how online CFD platforms are able to quote real-time exchange rates on a second-by-second basis, the process is actually more simple than you think. In a nutshell, the platform in question will obtain its pricing movements from the wholesale market.

This is the marketplace that is utilized by large banks and other financial institutions. In fact, the forex trading space at an institutional level is worth trillions of dollars each and every day.

Nevertheless, here’s a quick example of CFD trading with forex works:

• You want to trade USD/ZAR, which is currently priced at 17.08 on the wholesale market
• You think the value of the exchange rate will go up in the coming hours, so you place a buy order
• Much like the wholesale rate, your CFD order is matched at 17.08
• A few hours later, the wholesale market is quoting 17.89 on USD/ZAR
• This price is also mirrored at your chosen CFD platform, so you decide to cash in our profits at a gain of 4.74%

What is Leverage in CFD Trading?

On top of giving you the opportunity to reach financial markets that would otherwise be difficult to access and short-sell assets, meaning you speculate on the price going down, CFDs allow you to apply leverage.

Not available in the traditional investment scene, leverage allows you to trade with more money than you have in your account. Expressed as a ratio (10:1) or multiple (10x), the amount of leverage you apply is calculated against your stake.

For example, let’s suppose that you have $100 in your account balance and you wish to use this to place a buy order on stock CFDs. The value of your trade would, therefore, amount to $1,000 if you applied leverage of 10x ($100 x 10).

Margin Trading and Liquidation

It is important that you tread extremely careful when applying leverage to your CFD trades. Sure, the thoughts of being able to amplify your profits by 5x, 10x, 20x, or more can be tempting – and highly rewarding if your prediction is correct. However, leverage will also do the same for your losses.

For example:

• Let’s suppose that you are trading Tesla stocks in the form of CFDs
• You think that the stocks are overvalued, so you place a $500 sell order
• You are confident in your prediction so you also apply leverage of 10x
• By the end of the trading day, Tesla stocks are up by 8.5%
• Ordinarily, you would be looking at a loss of $42.50 ($500 X 8.5%)
• However, as you applied leverage of 10x – you are actually starring at losses of $425 ($42.50 x 10)

Even more worrying is the fact that you are inches away from being ‘liquidated’. This means that your Tesla stock trade will be automatically closed if the loss stands at 10% or more. This is because you are trading at leverage of 10x, meaning that your margin is 10% ($500 on a $5,000 order). As such, if and when the liquidation price is triggered, the trade will be closed and the CFD trading site will keep your $500 margin.

CFD Trading Regulation in South Africa

First and foremost, CFD trading is perfectly legal in South Africa – both for retail clients and institutional investors. The industry itself is regulated by the South African Financial Services Board (FSB). However, this is only the case if the broker in question has a physical presence in the country.

As the best CFD trading sites are actually located overseas (in terms of fees, commissions, payments, tradable assets, and customer support), you will fall under the remit of an alternative licensing body.

This will include a tier-one body like the:

• Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC – Australia)
• Financial Conduct Authority (FCA – UK)
• Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC)

CFD trading sites like eToro and Plus500 are actually regulated by all of the above licensing bodies – meaning that you will have regulatory oversight on three fronts. However, as a non-EU citizen, it is all-but-certain that you will fall within the remit of ASIC.

Ultimately, ASIC brokers are required to keep client funds in segregated bank accounts, as well as verify the identity of all registered users. This ensures that you are able to trade CFDs in a safe and secure ecosystem.

Do South Africans pay tax on CFD Trading Profits?

In simple terms – if you are a South African resident for tax purposes, then you will need to declare your CFD trading profits to the South African Revenue Service. These profits are based on the gross income that you make. The specific taxation rate could depend on your income tax threshold – albeit, you are best advised to speak with a qualified tax advisor for clarity.

What Risks are Involved with Buying CFDs in South Africa?

Whether its CFDs, stocks, bonds – or any other asset class for that matter, there are several risks that you need to take into account before you start trading. At the forefront of this is that between 70-80% of CFD traders actually lose money.

This is a staggering statistic that once again highlights the risks of online trading. This is why you need to learn the ins and outs of risk management tools, such as stop-loss orders and bankroll management.

Regarding the latter, the general rule of thumb when trading CFDs in South Africa is to ensure you never trade more than 1% of your account balance.

You also need to consider the risks of entrusting your hard-earned money to an online brokerage firm. At one end of the spectrum, you should never open an account with an online CFD trading site if it isn’t regulated. In fact, you should really only stick with tier-one licensing bodies – such as the FCA, ASIC, and CySEC.

Step 3: Learn CFD Trading Strategies in South Africa

Although most CFD trading strategies fall within the remit of ‘day trading’, there are a number of sub-strategies that you might want to consider learning. After all, it’s not as simple as choosing whether to place a buy or sell order and then hoping for the best. On the contrary, you need to have a systematic trading strategy in place that will allow you to achieve your long-term investing goals.

Swing Trading Strategy

Swing trading is a short-to-medium-term strategy that offers an element of flexibility to the investor. That is to say, while day traders rarely hold on to a CFD position for more than a few minutes or hours, swing trading permits a much longer timeframe. This can be anywhere from a few days to a few weeks – but rarely more than a 2-3 months.

The main concept with swing trading is that you will be looking to identify an incoming trend, and then stay with the trend until it looks like it is about to reverse.

For example:

• Let’s suppose that you are feeling bearish on the London Stock Exchange – so you want to speculate on its price going down in the short-to-medium-term
• As such, you place a sell order on the FTSE 100 index
• Your projections were correct, as the FTSE 100 has been on a downward run for 7 days straight
• Although you are already in profit by 10%, you think that the downfall will continue for an additional few days
• As such, you bide your time before closing the position at gains of 14%

As you can see from the above, the swing trader kept their position open for 10 days. Although this would have incurred overnight financing fees, this would have been minute in comparison to the total profit made. Similarly, when the swing trader closed the position, they likely would have placed an opposite order with the view of catching the trend’s reversal!

Hedging

Unlike swing trading, hedging isn’t actually a profit-making strategy. On the contrary, the strategy is employed as a means to ‘hedge’ against a current position. For example, let’s suppose that you currently have $10,000 invested in the stock markets and the shares were purchased in the traditional sense.

However, you feel that a downward market is potentially in the making. As you feel this will be temporary, you don’t want to sell your shares. Instead, you decide to place a sell order on the respective stock market via CFDs.

In this sense, only one of two things can happen:

• Your projection is correct: The stock markets drop by 10%. Although your share portfolio goes down by this figure, your CFD sell order makes you gains of 10%. As such, you break even.
• Your projection is incorrect: The stock markets go up 10%. Although your share portfolio goes up by this figure, your CFD sell order makes you a loss of 10%. As such, you break even.

As you can see from the above, the CFD hedging strategy ensured that the trader did not lose any money – as both potential outcomes were covered.

Short Term vs Long Term

When it comes to the timeframe of your CFD trading strategy, this will all-but-certainly need to be in the short-term. As we have discussed throughout this guide, CFDs are leveraged financial instruments.

In layman’s terms, this means that you will always need to pay overnight financing costs for each day that you keep the position open – even if you do not apply any leverage. As a result, keeping the position open for long periods of time can be extremely costly.

If it is a long-term investment strategy that you have in mind, you will be much better suited for traditional share dealing platforms where you can invest in stocks, ETFs, and funds without being charged daily interest rates.

Breakout Strategy

As the name suggests, a breakout strategy in the context of CFDs means that you are waiting for an asset to ‘break out’. In simple terms, this will often be the case when an asset breaks a key resistance or support line.

To clarify:

• When an asset hits ‘resistance’ this is the price that it is struggling to break through. For example, if you are trading Bitcoin CFDs and the resistance level is $10,000 – this is the price that the trend reverses at whenever it is approached.
• When it comes to ‘support’, this works much like resistance but in reverse. For example, is the support line of oil CFDs is $25, its value will typically bounce in an upward trajectory when it approaches this price.

Crucially, if either the resistance or support line is broken, this often results in a break out. This means that the trend will move in a parabolic manner. For example, if the price of Bitcoin breaks the $10,000 resistance line convincingly, there is every chance that it will increase at a rapid speed. Those utilizing a break out strategy will look to capitalize on this by placing sensible buy and sell orders.

Step 4: Open a CFD Trade

At this point in our guide, you should now have a firm understanding of CFD trading in South Africa. If you feel that you now have the required tools to get your CFD trading endeavours started, we are going to show you what you need to do.

This includes opening a CFD trading account, depositing funds, and placing your first market order. We are going to demonstrate this with popular broker eToro, though the process remains similar across most platforms.

Create an Account and Verify your Identity

Opening an account at eToro takes minutes. You simply need to head over to the broker’s homepage and elect to create an account. Then, you will need to enter some personal information.

This includes your:

• Full Name
• Home Address
• Date of Birth
• South Africa Tax Identification Number
• Employment Status
• Net Income
• Net Assets
• Contact Details

You will also need to upload some identity documents. This is because eToro is a heavily regulate broker, so it needs to ensure it complies with anti-money laundering laws.

This includes:

• Government-issued ID such as your South Africa passport or driver’s license
• Proof of residency via a utility bill or recent bank account statement

As long as your documents are clear and fully readable, eToro should be able to validate them within minutes.

Deposit Funds

Next, you will be asked to make a deposit. Supported payment methods at eToro are listed below.

• Debit Cards
• Credit Cards
• Paypal
• Skrill
• Neteller
• Bank Wire

Don’t forget, you will need to meet a minimum deposit of $200 (about 3,400 rands).

Trade CFDs

Now that your account has been funded, you can head over to the ‘TRADE MARKETS’ section on the site. At the top of the screen, you will then see the different asset classes that can be traded via CFDs.

Once you click on the financial instrument that you wish to trade, you will be shown an order box. In our example, we are trading the CFDs that track the FTSE 100.

Here’s what you need to do to get your CFD trade placed:

• Buy/Sell: If you think that the value of the CFDs will increase, opt for a buy order. If you think the price will decrease, place a sell order
• Stake: Enter the amount that you wish to stake on the trade in US dollars
• Leverage: If applicable, specify how much leverage you wish to apply
• Stop-Loss: Enter the price that you want your stop-loss order triggered
• Take-Profit: If you want to lock in your gains when a price target is met, set up a take-profit order

Finally, click on ‘OPEN TRADE’ to complete your CFD investment!

Pros and Cons of CFD Trading

Conclusion

CFDs allow you to trade virtually every asset class imaginable. Whether you are looking to buy and sell stocks, indices, cryptocurrencies, forex, or bonds, achieving this goal through CFDs could not be easier. This is because the CFD product is merely tasked with tracking the asset’s real-world price.

As such, you can access markets that would otherwise be difficult to reach, as well as apply leverage and engage in short-selling. The good news for you is that heaps of regulated CFD brokers now accept South African traders.

If you’re looking for the very best CFD trading platform in South Africa, we recommend going with eToro. With 0% commission, a huge range of assets and copy trading tools, this broker offers a fantastic CFD trading experience. Simply click the link below to register an account today.

References

To ensure we bring you the most reliable and accurate information possible, our writers use primary sources to support their content. These include studies, government resources and commentary from industry experts.

South African Revenue Service (SARS) “Capital Gains Tax (CGT), https://www.sars.gov.za/Tax-Rates/Income-Tax/Pages/Capital-Gains-Tax-(CGT).aspx”  June 16, 2020.

Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). “Complying with the ASIC Client Money Reporting Rules 2017, https://asic.gov.au/regulatory-resources/financial-services/complying-with-the-asic-client-money-reporting-rules-2017/“, Accessed June 16, 2020.

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